Prevalence of health literacy and its correlates from a national survey of older adults

BackgroundHealth literacy (HL) is an important determinant of health. Sub-optimal HL can have profound consequences for individuals and health systems. However, little is known about the HL of older Singaporeans.ObjectiveThis study determined the prevalence, socio-demographic and health-related correlates of limited and marginal HL among older Singaporeans (≥65 years).MethodsData from a national survey were analysed (n = 2327). HL was measured using the 4-item BRIEF with a 5-point response scale (range 4–20), and classified as limited, marginal, and adequate. Multinomial logistic regression models were applied to identify correlates of limited and marginal HL versus adequate HL.ResultsThe weighted prevalence of limited HL was 42.0%, marginal HL was 20.4% and adequate HL was 37.7%. In adjusted regression analysis, older adults in advanced age groups with lower education and those living in 1–3 room flats had higher risk of limited HL. Furthermore, having ≥3 chronic diseases (Relative Risk Ratio [RRR] = 1.70, 95% Confidence Interval [95% CI] = 1.15, 2.52), poor self-rated health (RRR = 2.07, 95% CI = 1.56, 2.77), vision impairment (RRR = 2.08, 95% CI = 1.55, 2.80), hearing impairment (RRR = 1.57, 95% CI = 1.15, 2.14) and mild cognitive impairment (RRR = 4.87, 95% CI = 2.12, 11.19) were also associated with limited HL. The likelihood of marginal HL was higher among those with lower education, ≥2 chronic diseases, poor self-rated health (RRR = 1.48, 95% CI = 1.09, 2.00), vision impairment (RRR = 1.45, 95% CI = 1.06, 1.99) and hearing impairment (RRR = 1.50, 95% CI = 1.08, 2.08).ConclusionsOver two-thirds of older adults faced difficulties in reading, understanding, exchanging, and using health information and resources. There is a pressing need to create awareness about the issues that could result from the mismatch between healthcare system demands and the HL of older adults.     

基于分类树模型的产后盆底肌筋膜疼痛的危险因素分析

目的构建产后盆底肌筋膜疼痛( MFPP)发病影响因素的分类树模型,寻找产后 MFPP发生的危险因素。方法选取 2017年 1—12月在南京市妇幼保健院常规产后检查的 975例产妇,进行流行病学调查。 205例产妇患有 MFPP分为病例组, 229例产妇无盆底功能障碍性疾病( PFD)情况分为对照组。结果病例组中轻、中、重度疼痛人数分别为 27例、 173例、 5例。我们对病例组研究发现产后 MFPP发病影响因素的分类树模型共有 5层,筛选出 4个解释变量:快肌最大值,慢肌平均值,产妇体质量指数( BMI)新生儿出生体质量。其中快肌最大值 ≤41.20 μv且慢肌平均值 ≤6.85 μv时,产后 MFPP发生率为 76.0％,分类树模型预测的受试,者操作特征( ROC)曲线下面积( AUC)为 69.1%,95%CI:(0.64,0.74)。结论快肌最大值、慢肌平均值、产妇 BMI及新生儿出生体质量为影响产后 MFPP发生的危险因素,盆底肌电筛查中快肌最大值 ≤41.20 μv和慢肌平均值 ≤6.85 μv可作为筛查指标,对于这部分的产妇,需联合盆底肌疼痛检查是否存在产后 MFPP。     

利用文献解读进行基础医学专业《实验核医学》教学实践

为提高学生兴趣,培养学生科学素养,尝试将专业文献解读教学与《实验核医学》教材内容进行有机结合。通过学生对文献进行部分精读、整体汇报和教师点评总结完成文献解读,提高了学生对理论知识的理解,加深了学生对实验核医学技术的认识,拓展了学生的科学视野,培养了学生的科学素养。     

永久性肠造口患者健康素养量表的编制

目的 构建永久性肠造口患者健康素养评估工具。 方法 参考国内外文献与质性访谈,建立量表条目池,通过2轮专家咨询对条目进行删改,调查220例永久性肠造口患者进行信效度评定。 结果 正式量表包括3个领域31个条目,功能领域产生4个公因子（获取肠造口信息能力、阅读肠造口信息能力、理解肠造口信息能力、交流肠造口信息能力）,知识领域产生2个公因子（肠造口预防保健知识、肠造口护理技能知识）,态度领域产生2个公因子（肠造口观点、肠造口行为倾向）。8个公因子的方差累积贡献率56.787%。量表水平内容效度0.890,量表Cronbach′s α系数0.864,折半信度系数0.923。 结论 永久性肠造口患者健康素养量表信效度良好,可作为永久性肠造口患者健康素养测评工具。     

The influence of information structuring and health literacy on recall and satisfaction in a simulated discharge communication

Objective

We investigated the effects of information structuring and its potential interaction with pre-existing medical knowledge on recall in a simulated discharge communication.

Associations of collective self-help activity,health literacy and quality of life in patients with tinnitus

Objective

About 800 of the 13,000 members of the German Tinnitus Association (DTL) are active in self-help groups (SHGs). This study analyzes whether SHG-participation is associated with tinnitus-related Health Literacy (HLit) and Quality of Life (QoL).

Chronic hepatitis B virus infection and preterm labor(birth) in pregnant women—an updated systematic review and meta‐analysis

We aimed to explore whether maternal chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection certainly affects preterm labor (birth) in pregnant women. Four databases were systematically searched up to May 31, 2017, without language restriction. Any study was included if it clearly defined exposure to chronic HBV infection, reported risk of preterm labor or birth in pregnant women, and reported relative risks (RRs) or odds ratios (ORs) or provided data for estimation. RRs (or ORs) with 95% confidence intervals were pooled using random‐effects models. Statistical heterogeneity was assessed with Cochran's Q statistic and I² statistic. Twenty‐two observational studies involving 6 141 146 pregnant women (three prospective cohort studies, n = 1 116 799; 15 retrospective cohort studies, n = 5 022 513 and four case‐control studies, n = 1834) were included. The risk of preterm labor was significantly intensified with chronic HBV infection compared with uninfected women, with substantial heterogeneity. Chronic HBV infection was also significantly associated with a 16% increase in the risk of preterm birth, with substantial heterogeneity. The risk of preterm birth significantly increased by 21% in HBsAg+/HBeAg+ pregnant women compared with uninfected pregnant women. Chronic HBV infection intensifies the risk of preterm labor and birth in pregnant women, but this conclusion should be interpreted with caution given the possibility of residual confounding and be confirmed by well‐designed studies in the future.